6G is currently being considered in depth by many enterprises and organizations as the next generation network architecture to evolve from 5G. It is anticipated that 6G will not only be an extension of the existing value offerings, including handling ever greater volume of traffic, but will also bring new value to networks that was not possible in 5G. In addition, new networks are expected to contribute to the enrichment of society by helping to solve increasingly complex social problems. This white paper presents Fujitsu’s perspective on the role that networks will play in the future society
of 2030, and describes the technological development that Fujitsu will conduct to help create such a
Society in 2030
Networks Supporting the Digitalized Future Society
Network Architecture in the 6G Era
Underlying Network Technologies
Item Examples of requirements of the network
- High capacity ⚫ High capacity to deliver advanced video analysis and high- volume data communication using high-definition video
- Low latency ⚫ Low latency required for real-time control between driverless vehicles, real-time control of autonomous factory machines, etc.
- Multi connectivity⚫ Multi-connectivity to collect information from numerous sensors installed over a wide area, such as on farms
- Energy efficiency⚫ The ability to curb the increases in power consumption associated with larger network capacity and multi-connectivity
- ➢ Low power consumption by individual components of the network
- ➢ Controlling low power consumption across the entire network
- Flexibility ⚫ Flexibility to optimally adjust to changing environments and access ICT resources as needed Automation that allows network construction and configuration to be performed with as little human intervention as possible
- Autonomous detection of faults (congestion, failures, etc.) and recovery across a wide area
- High reliability⚫ Scalability to enable communication anywhere, including over non-terrestrial networks (NTN) Versatility to provide connections to and between devices, not only communication devices such as smartphones, but also many other devices including factory machinery, cars, sensors, etc.
- Availability that maintains a certain level of quality, regardless of network status during
- communication Trust (authenticity, etc.) assurance among the people, data, and systems connected to the
Network Architecture in the 6G Era
Distribution of ICT infrastructure
The ICT infrastructure for delivering services in the Digitalized Future Society is ubiquitous throughout the world. For example, enterprises and local governments may be provided with on-premises cloudbased services, or they may be able to use clouds in large-scale data centers (central cloud) or the
WAN’s edge clouds. In the Digitalized Future Society, it will be important to make effective use of such ubiquitous ICT resources to provide high-quality energy-efficient services at low cost.
For example, if users require low-latency services, building the system on an edge cloud near users will reduce latency. However, if this increases the processing load on the edge cloud, it will be possible to divide the processing between the edge clouds and central cloud to reduce the load.
If the number of users increases during service provision or if the network becomes congested, this may prevent the delivery of high-quality services to users. If so, it will be important to reconfigure the
ICT system or change the traffic route to maintain quality.To provide such flexibility, it will be necessary to change the configuration settings for individual components of the end-to-end ICT system (network functions, computers, etc.) in response to changes in the environment. The ICT system will need to have the autonomy of control over detecting environmental changes and automatically modifying the system’s configuration without human
intervention. In end-to-end ICT systems, the concepts of disaggregation and orchestration are key to providing the level of flexibility and autonomy that enables efficient use of infrastructure in different locations and
successful tracking of changes in the environment.
Networks in the 6g era in explain in hindi
6G Network: भारत में अभी सभी टेलिकॉम ग्राहकों को 5G नेटवर्क की सुविधा ही नहीं मिल रही है. देश में सिर्फ दो टेलिकॉम कंपनियां जियो और एयरटेल ही अपने ग्राहकों को 5जी सर्विस उपलब्ध करा रही हैं. कुल मिलाकर देश में अभी सभी टेलिकॉम ग्राहकों तक 5जी इंटरनेट की सुविधा पहुंचाने का काम चल रहा है. वहीं, पीएम नरेंद्र मोदी ने 6G नेटवर्क सेवा को शुरू करने की समयसीमा भी तय कर दी है. पीएम मोदी कह चुके हैं कि 6G नेटवर्क सुविधा शुरू करने के लिए एक टास्क फोर्स बनाई जा चुकी है, जो लगातार काम कर रही है. उनके मुताबिक, 2030 तक देश में 6G नेटवर्क सेवा शुरू कर दी जाएगी. दुनिया के कई देश 6G इंटरनेट सेवा शुरू करने की दिशा में पहले ही काम शुरू कर चुके हैं. दक्षिण कोरिया की सरकार ने तो ये भी घोषणा कर दी है कि देश में साल 2028 तक ग्राहकों को 6जी नेटवर्क सेवा मिलनी शुरू हो जाएगी. कोरिया की सरकार ने लोकल कंपनियों को 6जी नेटवर्क में इस्तेमाल होने वाले सामान की मैन्युफक्चरिंग करने को भी कह दिया है. कोरिया तय समय पर 6जी सेवा शुरू कर ऐसा करने वाला दुनिया का पहला देश बनना चाहता है. कोरियाई सरकार इस परियोजना पर 3,900 करोड़ रुपये से ज्यादा खर्च कर रही है. साउथ कोरिया के विज्ञान मंत्री लिम हेई के मुताबिक, 6जी नेटवर्क की रफ्तार देश में उपलब्ध मौजूदा नेटवर्क के मुकाबले 50 गुना ज्यादा होगी.
Though there is no specific 6G Standard yet, let us look at some technologies that can be used to achieve these requirements.
Terahertz Frequency:- 6G is expected to utilize frequencies up to 3 THz which will result in massive bandwidth availability. Click here to read about 6G Frequency bands.
Improved Antenna Technology:- To support the use of THz frequencies, Massive MIMO technology (developed for mm-Wave 5G) needs to be improved. This may include Metamaterial based Antennas and RF Front-End and Orbital Angular Momentum technologies.
Evolution in Duplex Technology:- 5G introduced dynamic TDD to duplex flexibility, but there is still work being done to remove the restriction that downlink and uplink must use mutually exclusive time-frequency resources.
Evolution in Network Topology:- One of the trends that continues to make progress in the evolution of network topology is the use of non-terrestrial network components like satellite and High-Altitude Pseudo Satellites (HAPS).
Spectrum Sharing: Spectrum sharing enables better utilization of spectrum by allowing multiple entities to use it as exclusive license holders often underutilize spectrums.
Comprehensive AI: AI can be used to optimize the overall system and system performance. It can be categorized into three levels: Local AI; Joint AI and E2E AI.
Split Computing: Split computing can be termed as one of the most exciting features of 6G. This will allow the computing to be split between the mobile device and cloud servers which can result in lowering cost and increasing processing power of the mobile devices. We can get a glimpse of split computing in the cloud-based gaming services such as Google Stadia and Microsoft xCloud among others.
High Precision Network: High Precision Network (HPN) is a solution to achieve high Quality of Service for interactive services with high data rates and low latency requirements as it is important to minimize E2E latency and jitter.
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